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Typescript Mastery Roadmap(2025 Edition)

Phase 1: Beginner (Fundamentals)

Foundational Level

Understand TypeScript basics, tooling, and add types to small apps

Prerequisites & Setup

  1. 1. Modern JavaScript → let/const, arrow functions, promises/async, ES6+ modules
  2. 2. Template Literals → String interpolation, multi-line strings, tagged templates
  3. 3. Node & npm → Package management, scripts, basic CLI usage
  4. 4. Installation → npm init -y && npm i -D typescript, npx tsc --init

Core Type System

  1. 1. Basic Types → string, number, boolean, null, undefined, any, unknown
  2. 2. Type Inference → Automatic type detection, when to annotate explicitly
  3. 3. Type Annotations → Variable typing, function signatures, explicit declarations
  4. 4. Arrays & Tuples → Type arrays, fixed-length tuples, readonly arrays

Functions & Objects

  1. 1. Function Types → Parameter types, return types, void, never types
  2. 2. Optional Parameters → Optional/default params, rest parameters, function overloads
  3. 3. Interfaces → Object shape definitions, extending interfaces, index signatures
  4. 4. Type Aliases → Creating reusable types, interface vs type differences

First TypeScript Projects

  1. 1. Union & Intersection Types → Combining types with | and & operators
  2. 2. Enum Basics → Numeric enums, string enums, const enums
  3. 3. tsconfig.json → compilerOptions, include, exclude, target settings
  4. 4. Small JS Conversion → Convert todo/calculator app, fix compiler errors
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 2: Intermediate (Real-World Apps)

Intermediate Level

Confidently design types for real apps and use TypeScript with modern frameworks

Advanced Type Features

  1. 1. Generics → Function generics, type generics, constraints, default type params
  2. 2. Type Narrowing → typeof, instanceof checks, truthiness narrowing
  3. 3. Type Guards → User-defined type guards, discriminated unions, assertion functions
  4. 4. Conditional Types → Distribute conditionals, infer keyword, ReturnType extraction

Utility Types & Transformations

  1. 1. Built-in Utilities → Partial, Required, Pick, Omit, Record, Readonly
  2. 2. Mapped Types → Custom mapped types, key remapping, template literal types
  3. 3. String Manipulation → Template literal types, uppercase, lowercase, capitalize
  4. 4. Advanced Unions → Discriminated unions, union handling, exhaustiveness checking

Framework Integration

  1. 1. React + TypeScript → Props typing, event handlers, JSX.Element, generics in components
  2. 2. Next.js Setup → create-next-app with TS, auto-configured tsconfig, typed routes
  3. 3. Node Backend → ts-node for dev, compile for prod, module node18 flags
  4. 4. Declaration Files → .d.ts files, ambient types, module augmentation

Tooling & Best Practices

  1. 1. ESLint Integration → @typescript-eslint/parser, type-aware linting rules
  2. 2. Prettier Setup → Code formatting, integration with ESLint
  3. 3. DOM & Lib Types → lib flags in tsconfig, DOM/ES target configurations
  4. 4. Build Tools → Vite for frontend, Next.js for full-stack bundling
Phase 2
Phase 3
Phase 3: Advanced (Type-System Mastery)

Advanced Level

Write large-scale typed systems, author libraries, and design ergonomic APIs

Advanced Type-Level Programming

  1. 1. Variance Concepts → Covariance/contravariance, readonly variance in arrays/functions
  2. 2. Recursive Types → Tail recursion in types, compiler depth limits
  3. 3. Custom Utilities → DeepReadonly<T>, Merge<T, U>, UnionToTuple<T> patterns
  4. 4. Type Performance → Modularize types, avoid deep instantiations, caching strategies

Monorepo & Build Optimization

  1. 1. Project References → composite projects, tsconfig references for monorepos
  2. 2. Incremental Builds → Speed up compilation, isolated package builds
  3. 3. Build Configuration → Output strategies, declaration maps, source maps
  4. 4. Module Systems → ESNext, CommonJS, Node16, bundler resolution strategies

Runtime Validation

  1. 1. Schema Validation → Zod for runtime validation, type inference from schemas
  2. 2. Alternative Libraries → io-ts, runtypes, class-validator integration
  3. 3. End-to-End Types → Zod + tRPC for fully typed APIs, client-server safety
  4. 4. External Data → Validate API responses, user input, configuration files

Library Development

  1. 1. Package Publishing → Generate .d.ts files, types field in package.json
  2. 2. API Design → Ergonomic types, default generic params, function overloads
  3. 3. Type Testing → tsd or expect-type for compile-time type assertions
  4. 4. Documentation → TSDoc comments, API documentation generation
Phase 3
Phase 4
Phase 4: Production Ready (Industry Best Practices)

Expert Level

Build, ship, and maintain TypeScript apps in real production teams

Production Configuration

  1. 1. Strict Mode → strict: true, noImplicitAny, strictNullChecks enforcement
  2. 2. Compiler Options → noImplicitReturns, noUnusedLocals, forceConsistentCasing
  3. 3. Build Optimization → skipLibCheck usage, incremental compilation, outDir setup
  4. 4. CI Integration → tsc --noEmit, automated type checking in pipelines

Testing & Quality

  1. 1. Unit Testing → Jest or Vitest with TypeScript, mock typing, test utilities
  2. 2. E2E Testing → Playwright/Cypress with TypeScript, page object patterns
  3. 3. Type Coverage → Track type safety metrics, avoid any escape hatches
  4. 4. Linting Pipeline → ESLint in CI, type-aware rules, custom rule configuration

Database & API Integration

  1. 1. Type-Safe DB → Prisma for TypeScript DX, type-safe query client, migrations
  2. 2. Code Generation → OpenAPI → types, GraphQL codegen, Prisma client generation
  3. 3. Contract Boundaries → Validate external input at runtime and compile-time
  4. 4. API Documentation → OpenAPI specs, automatic type generation, schema validation

Deployment & DevOps

  1. 1. Build Pipeline → npm run build && lint && test && typecheck in CI
  2. 2. Docker Builds → Multi-stage builds, compile TS in build stage, runtime optimization
  3. 3. Production Monitoring → Error tracking, performance monitoring, type-safe logging
  4. 4. Version Management → Semantic versioning, dependency updates, breaking changes
Phase 4
Phase 5
Phase 5: Mastery & Leadership

Mastery Level

Stay current with TypeScript ecosystem and lead teams effectively

Advanced Patterns & Architecture

  1. 1. Design Patterns → Factory, Builder, Strategy patterns with strong typing
  2. 2. Architectural Typing → Hexagonal architecture, domain modeling, type-driven design
  3. 3. Performance Patterns → Lazy evaluation, memoization, optimization techniques
  4. 4. Error Handling → Result types, Either monad, typed error handling patterns

Ecosystem Mastery

  1. 1. Latest Features → Follow TypeScript release notes, 5.9+ features, experimental flags
  2. 2. Full-Stack Typing → tRPC + Prisma + Next.js, end-to-end type safety
  3. 3. Playground Mastery → TypeScript Playground, handbook deep dive, type challenges
  4. 4. Library Ecosystem → Know popular libraries, typing quality, DefinitelyTyped contributions

Interview & Hiring Skills

  1. 1. Core Knowledge → type vs interface, structural typing, variance, mapped types
  2. 2. API Architecture → End-to-end typing (frontend → API → database)
  3. 3. Performance Debugging → skipLibCheck, incremental, project references understanding
  4. 4. Type Debugging → Read inference chains, diagnose complex type errors

Community & Contribution

  1. 1. Open Source → Contribute to DefinitelyTyped, TypeScript issues, library typing
  2. 2. Knowledge Sharing → Technical writing, conference talks, mentoring developers
  3. 3. Team Leadership → Code review standards, architecture decisions, best practices
  4. 4. Industry Trends → TypeScript roadmap, TC39 proposals, framework adoption patterns

🏆 Final Tips to Become Industry-Ready Typescript Engineer

Congratulations! You've completed the Typescript Engineer Mastery Roadmap and are ready to design scalable, robust systems.